A Spiral History of the Development of Ways to Identify the Correct Position of the Injection Needle in Relation to the Peripheral Nerve: A Brief Historical Essay

The first way to identify the needle in relation peripheral nerve W. Halsted and R. Hall 1884 performed regional blockade (using direct visualization). However, Vassily von Anrep was a few months earlier described of by anatomical landmarks. In 1912, brachial plexus using electrical stimulation, but this technique has been widely used only since 1962. most popular relative at moment remains US guidance. A promising direction may be optical coherence tomography. But method is under development. last decade, for determining pressure local anesthetic introduced into practice determine position nerve.